《當代蛋白質與肽科學》發表了關于蛋白質、肽、酶之間的相互作用、激素與其受體的結合相互作用等具體方面的完整/微型綜述文章;轉錄因子和其他調節基因表達的分子的特性;導致免疫反應的反應;信號轉導過程;參與細胞骨架和分子馬達的蛋白質的結構和功能;膜通道和轉運體的性質;代謝能量的產生和儲存。此外，還對蛋白質折疊和設計的實驗研究進行了綜述。提交給當前《蛋白質和肽科學》雜志的稿件應通過討論該領域領先實驗室的研究成果來涵蓋該領域，并對未來的研究提出問題。原稿、研究論文和信件/短通訊不考慮發表在當前的蛋白質和肽科學。

Current Protein & Peptide Science publishes full-length/mini review articles on specific aspects involving proteins, peptides, and interactions between the enzymes, the binding interactions of hormones and their receptors; the properties of transcription factors and other molecules that regulate gene expression; the reactions leading to the immune response; the process of signal transduction; the structure and function of proteins involved in the cytoskeleton and molecular motors; the properties of membrane channels and transporters; and the generation and storage of metabolic energy. In addition, reviews of experimental studies of protein folding and design are given special emphasis. Manuscripts submitted to Current Protein and Peptide Science should cover a field by discussing research from the leading laboratories in a field and should pose questions for future studies. Original papers, research articles and letter articles/short communications are not considered for publication in Current Protein & Peptide Science.